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Thermal Comfort in a Residential House in Kampala
Simon Peter Wafula,
Obed Kamulegeya,
Andrew Kasumba Buyondo,
Solomon Mutebi,
Isaac Ogwang,
Michael Mutambo,
James Kateu
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 1, February 2023
Pages:
1-14
Received:
16 August 2022
Accepted:
30 August 2022
Published:
9 January 2023
Abstract: Global warming and climate change has been a challenge in the last decades. Buildings are major contributors to energy consumption. This is due to the rise in human comfort needs and services. The residential sector consumes a significant amount of energy worldwide. A NZEB strategy emphasizes closing the gap between energy demand and renewable energy supply. Despite some of the roles that NZEBs significantly contribute to smart cities on the energy efficiency, the potential contribution of NZEB to the residential sector of Uganda has not been documented in literature. The objective of this study was to develop a thermal comfort model in a residential house through an envelope design. CBE tool was used and results indicate; PMV with elevated air speed of residential houses during resting hours in Kampala; at night: -0.75. DBT as 24.1°C, PPD as 17%, the Cooling effect as 2.7°C and SET = 26.3°C. The study realized factors to be considered while building like; air temperature, average radiant temperature, air speed, air humidity. The model developed in this study enables a building to heat up during cold hours and cool down during hot hours by the help of the water pool collected during rainy days. This water cools down the house during the day time while absorbing heat that can be released during the night hours that are somehow cold in Kampala. However, if this isn’t considered, then heat pumps have to be employed to pump heat into rooms to reduce heating in rooms. Recommendations should be put in raising thick walls and ceilings to maintain building temperatures.
Abstract: Global warming and climate change has been a challenge in the last decades. Buildings are major contributors to energy consumption. This is due to the rise in human comfort needs and services. The residential sector consumes a significant amount of energy worldwide. A NZEB strategy emphasizes closing the gap between energy demand and renewable ener...
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Analytical Study of High Speed Rail Bridge and Pile Foundation Subjected to Soil Structure Interaction Using Finite Element Software
Manish Shah,
Chaitanya Sanghvi,
Harsh Mistry
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 1, February 2023
Pages:
15-20
Received:
25 May 2022
Accepted:
14 June 2022
Published:
9 January 2023
Abstract: High Speed Rail (HSR) was introduced in India in response to rising transport demand and reduced journey times. Pile foundation-supported piers are often used for elevated high-speed railways. The box-girder bridge and pile foundation embedded in multilayered soil have been analyzed for various critical conditions, viz. static condition, sudden brake conditions, derailment of train, and moving condition of train. In this type of complex problem, a theoretical approach to analyzing the pile foundation was insufficient. Thus, the Finite Element Method (FEM) based software, STAAD Pro. and PLAXIS 2D has been used. The main objective of this paper is to analyze the pile foundation under different conditions. Live loads on bridges are considered in Eurocode-1: Part 2. To perform the dynamic analysis, a 16 Hz frequency has been considered at a maximum 360 km/hr train speed. The results show that the moving condition and vibration effect increase the nodal displacement and in the case of derailment and sudden brake conditions, lateral load and moment have been increased, which changes the behavior of the pile foundation. According to IS 1343 code, a structure is safe as nodal displacement is within allowed limits in all cases. The combined effect of moving trains and vibrations increases nodal displacement by 10% when compared to the static condition. Hence, dynamic analysis is required. The lateral deflection of the pile increases in the case of sudden brake and derailment cases.
Abstract: High Speed Rail (HSR) was introduced in India in response to rising transport demand and reduced journey times. Pile foundation-supported piers are often used for elevated high-speed railways. The box-girder bridge and pile foundation embedded in multilayered soil have been analyzed for various critical conditions, viz. static condition, sudden bra...
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Evaluation of Site Management Practices for Building Projects Delivery Adopted by Indigenous Contractors in Lagos and Ondo States, Nigeria
Arijeloye Bamidele Temitope,
Oriyomi Joshua Oluwadunsin
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 1, February 2023
Pages:
21-29
Received:
22 August 2022
Accepted:
8 September 2022
Published:
9 January 2023
Abstract: The research focuses on the construction site management practices and the challenges that impede such practices in Ondo and Lagos states of Nigeria respectively with the view of minimizing waste and improve sustainability concept on public project delivery. The research survey targeted Architects, Quantity Surveyors, Builders and Civil Engineers affiliated with indigenous contracting firms through the administration of well-structured questionnaires. A simple random sampling technique was adopted in choosing the research respondents. The collected data were analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistics. Out of 301 questionnaires distributed, only 135 questionnaires were returned and analyzed with 44.85% response rate. In-depth interview were also conducted on some selected site workers (labors) to elicit their views on the level of awareness and adoption of site management practices in their various sites. The results shows that minutes writing, resource leveling, cash flow management, proper payroll and daily work report are the five (5) topmost site management practices adopted on construction sites in the study area. The study also shows that respondents are highly aware about the site management practices. The result further shows that Lack of standardization in equipment management, plant hiring/purchasing problems, lack of on-site assistance, wrong curing procedures, ineffective communication practices, are the five major challenges that impede site management practices in the study area. Analysis of the transcribed interview shows that the site workers (labour) aware about the site management practices but are rarely followed judiciously. The research seeks the opinion view of construction professionals in the study area which may not be generalize to all other construction sites in south-western geopolitical zone of Nigeria; construction site workers needs to be kept abreast of the site management practices by organizing regular training for all cadre of site workers. The implication for practice is that investing in training will improve productivity, loyalty, minimizing of waste to the environment and increase contractors profitability. The study seeks to support the concept of buttressing the awareness on practicing adequate site management strategies on construction sites rather than relying on theoretical concept on the subject matter. It supports the proposition that adequate awareness of these practices will improve construction project performance.
Abstract: The research focuses on the construction site management practices and the challenges that impede such practices in Ondo and Lagos states of Nigeria respectively with the view of minimizing waste and improve sustainability concept on public project delivery. The research survey targeted Architects, Quantity Surveyors, Builders and Civil Engineers a...
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